什么是 d.o.a.?

它的含义

d.o.a. 是 Dead on Arrival(到手即坏)的缩写。在游戏收藏领域,它描述了任何硬件或媒体——主机、卡带、外设——在接收方检查或首次通电时就无法正常工作的物品。这不只是“需要维修”;而是指该物品开箱即用就无法运行。主流的说法就是“有缺陷”。对于收藏家来说,d.o.a. 的物品与标准的二手物品有着本质区别;它被归类为可回收件或零件机,而不是一个完整、可用的收藏品。

对价格的影响

这对价格的影响是严重的。一个功能完好、CIB(Complete In Box,完整盒装)的物品会享有溢价。一个 d.o.a. 版本,即使其他方面完美无瑕,其价值也会暴跌,通常会跌至其可工作对应价格的 10-30%,具体取决于该单元的稀有程度。如果该物品极其稀有(例如限量版主机),如果其零件非常抢手,价值可能会略微稳定在较高水平,但通常市场会将其视为废品价值。例如,一台可工作的密封 NES 主机可能售价 300 美元;而同一台标明 d.o.a. 的主机,除非维修成本可以忽略不计,否则很可能只卖到 50-75 美元。

如何识别

识别 d.o.a. 状态依赖于购买前的验证。卖家必须提供功能证明。要求提供一段简短的视频,显示物品通电、显示 Logo 或启动到主菜单,这是最有效的检查方法。常见的诚实错误包括电源故障或控制器连接问题,这些通常是可修复的。在 d.o.a. 的情境下,假冒伪劣产品较少见,除非卖家故意将一个无法工作的单元冒充为可工作的单元。对于卡带,主要检查物理损坏;功能测试则需要通电。

明智购买

只有在特定条件下,为 d.o.a. 物品支付溢价才合理。这适用于该物品极其稀有,并且买家具备进行维修所需的特定技术技能或零件渠道的情况。如果该物品是常见的,或者维修非常复杂,风险就会超过潜在的回报。对于 d.o.a. 单元来说,一个公平的交易是其要价低于可工作单元预期市场价值的 25%,并且要计入更换零件和人工的成本。

明智出售

在列出 d.o.a. 物品时,透明度是强制性的。如果它不是“可工作”的,却将其列为“Working”,这会招致买家立即投诉和负面评价。为了使有缺陷的单元获得最高售价,列表必须清楚地说明缺陷(例如,“电源故障”、“无法启动”)。对列表最宝贵的补充是清晰的照片,显示出物品*带有*明显的缺陷,或者对故障进行简短、诚实的描述。这能管理买家的期望,吸引那些专门寻找零件或维修项目的买家,从而使其比那些模糊地列为“零件用”的单元获得更高的价格。

On eBay right now

Current asking prices from live listings — not sold-comp medians.

See all ↗

eBay links are affiliate links: JunkPal may earn a commission at no cost to you.

Resale values related to d.o.a.

Shop d.o.a. on eBay ↗

JunkPal may earn a commission when you buy through eBay links, at no extra cost to you.

What’s worth the most

Ranked on medians of real closed eBay sales, not asking prices.

More Video Games terms

alpha buildAn alpha build is an early, often unstable version of a video game that is still under active development by the creators. These versions are not intended for palternate artThis refers to packaging artwork that differs from the standard, mass-produced cover art for a video game. These variations might include different character ilarcade stickAn arcade stick is a specialized input device designed to emulate the controls found in classic arcade video games. It typically features a joystick for directiarchive copyAn archive copy refers to a preserved, often digital, version of a video game, typically sourced from original media or early distribution methods. For collectoatariThis refers to the historic video game company, Atari, which was a dominant force in the early days of the industry. When discussing collectibles, "Atari" generatari 2600This refers to the classic home video game console produced by Atari, a foundational piece of early home gaming history. For collectors, the Atari 2600 represenaudio fidelityThis refers to the technical quality of the sound within a video game, encompassing aspects like clarity, dynamic range, frequency response, and overall sonic rbeta buildA beta build is a pre-release version of a video game used by developers for testing, and its collector value depends entirely on its verifiable rarity and offibios dumpA bios dump is essentially a complete copy of the firmware stored on a device's motherboard, often from older consoles or specialized hardware. For collectors abootleg copyThis refers to an unauthorized, counterfeit version of a video game. These copies are produced without the permission of the original copyright holder, often usbox artThis refers to the original printed artwork found on the exterior packaging of a video game, including the front cover, back panel, and sometimes the side panelcable conditionThis refers to the physical state of any attached or included cables for a video game console, peripheral, or accessory. It encompasses factors like fraying, kicartridge connectorThis refers to the physical interface or pin assembly on a game cartridge that allows it to properly connect and communicate with the console's slot. It is a crcartridge modA modification applied to a game cartridge, often involving hardware or software alterations to change gameplay, add features, or fix bugs. These modifications
All Video Games terms →